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Cells.
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Immune Cells Shape Lungs Before Birth

Healthy lung development hinges on immune-epithelial crosstalk, revealing a new role for immune cells outside of immunity, with implications for treating respiratory diseases.
A collection of bacteria in different shapes, sizes and colors.
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Fecal Microbiome Predicts Postoperative Infections in Liver Transplants

Researchers have predicted post-operative infections in liver transplant patients by analyzing the fecal microbiome, representing a leap forward in understanding the connection between the gut microbiome and health.
Someone holding a vial of blood.
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Different Stress Tests for Blood Cells Can Reveal Genetic Risks of Disease

While previous experiments have focused on characterizing clinical parameters such as cell count, few have evaluated the dynamic effects of factors—such as inflammation, microbiome or medications—on blood cell contributions to disease development.
Cells.
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How the Immune System Neutralizes the Herpesvirus

In a study of lab-engineered cells, researchers identify how the immune system neutralizes the herpesvirus. The research maps the maneuvers used by virus and host in the cell nucleus, a poorly understood terrain of host-pathogen interaction.
Colorized 3D prints of HIV virus particles.
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Greater CD8+ T-Cell Activity May Increase HIV Immunity

An effective HIV vaccine may need to prompt strong responses from immune cells called CD8+ T cells to protect people from acquiring HIV, according to a new study from researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).
Double helix structure of DNA.
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Researchers Uncover Ancient Genetic Parasite From the “Dark Genome”

Understanding the mechanism of LINE-1 is key to developing potential new treatments for cancer, autoimmune disorders, neurodegeneration, even aging.
Cartoon of a scientist next to bacteria in intestines.
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Therapeutic Food Repairs Malnourished Children’s Gut Microbiomes

New research has identified key, naturally occurring biochemical components of a novel therapeutic food that is aimed at repairing malnourished children’s underdeveloped gut microbiomes.
Double helix structure of DNA.
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Next-Gen CRISPR Tool Produces Unprecedented Map of Human Immune Response

In a study of historic scale, scientists at Gladstone Institutes have created an intricate map of how the immune system functions, examining the molecular structures governing human T cells using the next-generation CRISPR tool known as base editing.
Drawing of human intestines on a female abdomen.
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Stomach Bacteria Infection May Increase Alzheimer's Risk

Infection with the stomach bacterium Helicobacter pylori could increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease: In people over the age of 50, the risk following a symptomatic infection can be an average of 11 percent higher.
Double helix structure of DNA.
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Just a One Letter Difference in DNA Affects the Activation of the Immune System

One-letter difference in our DNA determines whether BCG vaccine provides good protection against tuberculosis or not. Researchers have elucidated how that one letter difference affects the activation and deactivation of the immune system.
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